A Fire Rainbow over
Whiting, New Jersey, USA in late May 2008.
Credit & Copyright: Paul Gitto (Arcturus Observatory)
What is that inverted rainbow in the sky ?
It is a circumhorizon arc created by ice, not fire.
Sometimes known as a fire rainbow
for its flame-like appearance.
For a circumhorizon arc to be visible,
the Sun must be at least 58 degrees high in a sky
where cirrus clouds are present.
Furthermore,
the numerous, flat, hexagonal ice-crystals that
compose the cirrus cloud must be aligned horizontally
to properly refract sunlight
like a single gigantic prism.
Therefore,
circumhorizon arcs are quite unusual to see.
Summertime Halo:
A colourful circumhorizon arc spans the sky
near Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
The halo lights brightest where the cirrus is thickest.
Note the enormous size of the halo
and its pure spectral colours.
Imaged by Marc Sorensen in the summer of 2003.
~~~~~ ~~~~~
Rare "Rainbow" Spotted Over Idaho
It looks like a rainbow that's been set on fire,
but this phenomenon is as cold as ice.
Known in the weather world as a circumhorizontal arc,
this rare sight was caught on film on June 3, 2006,
as it hung over northern Idaho
near the Washington State border.
The arc isn't a rainbow in the traditional sense.
It is caused by light passing through
wispy, high-altitude cirrus clouds.
The sight occurs
only when the sun is very high in the sky
(more than 58-degree above the horizon).
What's more,
the hexagonal ice crystals that make up cirrus clouds
must be shaped like thick plates
with their faces parallel to the ground.
When light enters
through a vertical side face of such an ice crystal
and leaves from the bottom face,
it refracts, or bends, in the same way
that light passes through a prism.
If a cirrus's crystals are aligned just right,
the whole cloud lights up in a spectrum of colors.
This particular arc
spanned several hundred square miles of sky
and lasted for about an hour.